Premenstrual disorders have bidirectional association with psychiatric conditions, JAMA study finds
The bidirectional link is particularly pronounced for depression and anxiety, the research suggests.
Women with premenstrual disorders have more than double the risk of developing a psychiatric disorder, particularly anxiety and depression, a study suggests.
And the association is bidirectional, with psychiatric disorders associated with more than double the risk of developing a premenstrual disorder (PMD), the JAMA Network Open study found.
Of women with PMD, almost 37% developed a psychiatric disorder, while of those with a psychiatric disorder, about 14% developed PMD, the authors from Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet said.
The highest bidirectional risks were for depression and anxiety, with associations also identified for ADHD, bipolar disorder and personality disorder, but not for schizophrenia.
