What GPs can do for the performance-enhancing drug user

New guide stresses harm minimisation for patients taking nonprescribed steroids and other substances

Elevated PSA levels, testosterone deficiency and severe mood disruptions are red flags for steroid abuse, new GP guidance warns.

And not all patients will have evident features such as muscular or ‘toned’ physiques, with men over 40 more likely to use non-prescribed anabolic-androgenic steroids and other performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) for anti-ageing purposes.