Pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency have a near twofold greater risk of spontaneous or recurrent miscarriage than those who are vitamin D replete, a new analysis suggests.

This association was maintained when women with “insufficient” serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were included in the analysis, according to the UK investigators, with clear evidence of a “biologic gradient”.

“This review supports a new perspective on vitamin D in early pregnancy and could help inform women regarding the benefits of early supplementation and treatment compliance,” they reported.

However, the authors were unable to determine whether preconception treatment to correct deficiency could protect against pregnancy loss.